About 30 probes collect information from planets and asteroids, study the behavior of sunlight and even interstellar space
In addition to Juno, which today reached Jupiter, are about 30 space missions that are in space collecting information about the planets and phenomena of the solar system. Even one of them, Voyager 1, got out into interstellar space.
Dominated by the US space agency (NASA), there are also missions of the European Space Agency (ESA), India, Japan and Italy . You are monitored from Earth by six special antennas located at strategic points on the planet, three of which belong to NASA and three ESA. One of these antennas, the DSA-3 (Antena Deep Space), is in our country, near the town of Malargüe in Mendoza
Voyager 1. The farthest
This is the ship that has gone furthest and the only in interstellar space. It was launched from Cape Canaveral in 1977. On December 5, 2011, it was announced that it had reached the edge of the solar system. On August 25, 2013, it was announced that had entered interstellar space. In June this year was over 20,000 million kilometers from Earth
Voyager 2. The solar system is oval-shaped
It is identical to the Voyager 1 was launched two weeks before. Although many of its instruments are out of service, continues inspecting around the solar system. It was launched in 1977 and in 2007 discovered that the solar system is not spherical but oval shape, because of the interstellar magnetic field of deep space. Made recognition of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. It is 16,000 million kilometers from Earth
Pioneer. 10: message in the bottle
It is a US space probe launched on March 2, 1972. It is the first probe that crossed the asteroid belt and reached the planet Jupiter. There he gave the best images that have to date of the planet’s atmosphere. It is famous because it carries a plaque inscribed with a symbolic message that was designed by Carl Sagan and informs the alien civilization that could intercept the probe about human beings and their place of origin, Earth, a “message in a “interstellar. bottle The last signal from Pioneer 10 was received on January 23, 2003, when it was 12,000 million kilometers from Earth. Today the ship is directed toward the star Aldebaran in the constellation Taurus, where he will arrive within 1.69 million years
Cassini-Huygens:. The first spacecraft to orbit Saturn
It is a joint project of NASA, ESA and the Italian Space Agency (ASI). It is a space unmanned mission aimed at studying the planet Saturn and its natural satellites, or moons. The mission consists of two main elements: the Cassini spacecraft and the Huygens probe. The launch took place on 15 October 1997 with Titan IV Centaur rocket and entered orbit around Saturn on July 1, 2004. On December 25, 2004 the probe was removed from the ship and reached Saturn’s largest moon Titan, on 14 January 2005, at which time he descended to the surface to collect scientific information. This is the first spacecraft to orbit Saturn and the fourth space artifact human who visit. It is almost 1500 million kilometers from Earth.
Rosetta: the origin of the oceans
it is a space probe Agency European space (ESA) which was launched on March 2, 2004. Its mission is to orbit around comet 67P or Churiumov-Gerasimenko, which conducted during 2014 and 2015, sending a lander, Philae, to the comet’s surface. In his explorations yielded a possible answer to the origin of the oceans would be found hidden in comets
New Horizons. Bound for Pluto and beyond
It is a space mission unmanned NASA destined to explore Pluto, its moons and probably the Kuiper belt. It was launched from Cape Canaveral in January 2006 and July 14, 2015 reached its closest approach to Pluto (12,450 km). After the Voyager 1 and 2 is one of the faster spacecraft launch from Earth to the Sun reaching a maximum speed of 15.1 km / s. (54,000 km / h approximately) and it is further, after the Voyager, almost 4800 million kilometers from Earth
Dawn. Toward the dwarf planet Ceres
It is a space probe launched by NASA and managed by the jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL, USA), whose purpose is to examine the dwarf planet Ceres and the asteroid Vesta, located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. It was released on September 27, 2007, Vesta explored between 2011 and 2012 and in 2015 was orbiting Ceres. It is the first US spacecraft powered by a propellant ion, considered the most advanced and efficient propulsion system in space
Curiosity:. a Mars rover
It is a space mission which includes a Mars exploration rover directed by NASA. It was launched in November 2011 and successfully landed on Mars on August 6, 2012. The mission focused on placing on the Martian surface a scout vehicle (type rover). Once on the planet, the rover took pictures to show that successfully landed. During his mission he took soil samples and Martian rocky dust for analysis. The duration was scheduled to be a Martian year (1.88 Earth years) in August 2015 but continued to operate. With a radius greater than the vehicles previously sent exploration, investigates the past capacity and present Mars to host life
ExoMars. The possibility of life on Mars
One of the most recent missions. The European Space Agency and Roscosmos, his Russian counterpart, successfully launched the ExoMars mission in March this year. It aims to study the gaseous composition of Mars, in order to solve the mystery of the presence of methane and its relation to a possible biological activity. In addition, the mission will allow Europe and Russia made the first landing and drop on the red planet thanks to the Schiaparelli probe.
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