After the announcement of the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physics, today was the turn of Chemistry. Eric Betzig and Americans William E. Moerner, and Romanian-born German Stefan W. Hell have been awarded for their work in developing nanoscale microscope that allows the inside of a cell, as announced by the Royal Academy Science of Sweden with some minutes behind the schedule originally planned.
In particular, scientists have been awarded for “the development of fluorescence microscopy of high resolution.”
As of the jury, the winners overcome resolution limitations of traditional optical telescopes with the help of so-called fluorescent molecules, which allowed them to work at the nanoscale. Previously, according to the minutes, the limit was half the wavelength of light. With nanoscopios, as they have been called these instruments, scientists are able to observe viruses, proteins and molecules smaller than 0.0000002 meters.
Thanks to this system, scientists are able to visualize individual molecules within cells. They can, for example, r astrear proteins that are involved in diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s or Huntington. . Today nanoscopios technology is widely used in laboratories around the world.
Eric Betzig (born in 1960) is Howard Hughes (USA) Medical Institute; Stefan W. Hell (1962) directs the Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Max Planck (Germany) while William E. Moerner (1953) is a scientist at Stanford University (USA).
Stephan Hell, that he was “totally surprised” by the award, said in a telephone news conference following the announcement that nanoscopy is very important to understand how cells work and understand what went wrong As a cell gets sick. “
The three winning eight million Swedish kronor (about 880,000 euros), which is the amount that is provided with each of the categories of the Nobel be shared, the most prestigious awards in the world.
Last year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry was shared by the Austrian Martin Karplus, Britain’s Michael Levitt and Israel Arieh Warshel for his work in the field of complex chemical reactions.
On this edition of 2014, the Nobel Prize for Medicine, announced last Monday, has been for John O’Keefe and marriage comprised of May-Britt and Edvard Moser establish the brain mechanisms that allow us to orientate . The prize for Physics was Isamu Akasaki Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura, the parents of the LED lights.
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