Copenhagen, Oct. 7 (EFE) .- The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 has distinguished scientists today three of Japanese origin to transform lighting technology with the invention of the blue light emitting diode (LED).
Isamu Akasaki Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura, the latter born American, was made possible with his discovery develop “sources of bright white light and energy saving,” he said in his ruling the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
The ledes are also the basis of the new TV screens, computers and mobile phones and have been crucial to the development of Blu-ray discs and improved laser printers.
British Henry J. Round, a disciple of Marconi, got emit light of a semiconductor in 1907, and Oleg V. Losev Soviet manufactured twenty years after the first led.
The red light emitting diodes appeared to late 1950s, but since then it became apparent that needed an issuer of blue light to create white light, a task to which they devoted unsuccessfully for laboratories decades worldwide.
The winners Amano -Akasaki and one hand on the other-Nakamura built their own equipment, technology and learned thousands of experiments conducted on what the Swedish Academy calls “art laboratory at the highest level.”
In 1986 Akasaki and Amano, then his graduate student at the University of Nagoya (Japan), were the first to create crystals of gallium nitride high quality and then P-type semiconductor, and finally in 1992 the first ledes emitting blue light.
Working separately for a small Japanese chemical, Nakamura began to develop its blue LED in 1988, two years after creating gallium nitride crystals of high quality, but with a different method , as then made with semiconductors.
Both groups of researchers improved the effectiveness of its blue ledes in the following years, a process that triggered the efficiency and duration of white lamps.
The most recent record over 300 lumen (light output) per watt compared to 16 for incandescent bulbs and nearly 70 fluorescent lamps.
“incandescent light bulbs illuminated the twentieth century. The XXI century will be lit by LED lamps, “
said the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.’s Increased energy efficiency of these devices is a reduction in the use of natural resources and low-power opens the possibility to improving the lives of more than 1,500 million people without electricity live in the world.
Akasaki (Chiran, 1929) PhD at the University of Nagoya in 1964 and today He is an emeritus professor at this institution, which was also formed and exercised Amano (Hamamatsu, 1960).
Born in Ikata in 1954, Nakamura Ph.D. at the University of Tokushima and now works in California (USA).
The winners split equally the 8 million kronor (879,000 euros, 1.1 million dollars) which is provided the prize.
The trio happens in the award-winning history of the Nobel Prize in Physics Belgian François Englert and British Peter Higgs, the past winners for having postulated the existence of subatomic particle called the Higgs boson year.
The round winners Nobel will continue tomorrow with the chemistry prize, to be followed the next day by this order, Literature, Peace and Economics.
alc / egw / tcr
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