Most people in the world never saw news or bought something online or looked for work in networks Nor is “dropped” a series or a movie, and even worse. most of the world never learned something through Internet . In 2015 about 3000 million people already “connected”, but although it is an extraordinary figure for specialists, means that only 40% of the world population had access to the Web in recent times , published Argentine Time.
With that categorical data starts the new report Internet.org on the state of global connectivity, a study that not only gives screenshot of the situation but tries to understand who is connected and who does not and why. From existing data of the main sources of connectivity in the world and Internet.org own findings, the research examines the penetration and barriers to growth and, in that sense, established as one of the highlights the enormous gap that still exists between developed and underdeveloped countries. One conclusion is that the growth rate of connectivity fell for the fourth consecutive year (see box)
People unconnected are disproportionately concentrated in developing countries. 78% of the population developed nations is online, compared to just 32% in emerging economies. That is, the location of the person determines how connectivity, along with gender and income: living in North America, for example, has a 84.4% chance of being connected to the Internet while that figure drops to 13.7% and 16.9%, if you live in South Asia or sub-Saharan Africa, respectively.
According to the report, the gap between developed and developing countries has been shrinking in recent years but is still playing with new technologies. For example, mobile broadband datas in 2014 reached 84% penetration in developed countries, however, this figure climbed only 21% in emerging countries.
Also income is a factor too important when understanding who do not yet have Internet access. Even in countries with better connections, such as the United States, the access range is modified by the purchasing power of its users: for example, while 99% of American adults with higher salaries to $ 75,000 are connected, only the 77% of people with salaries less than $ 30,000 is in the same situation. The same situation is corroborated worldwide, according to figures show Internet.org.
inally, researchers say the gender variable. For a variety of social, economic, labor, political, women are still much less connected than men. On average, in the world, about 25% fewer women than men have Internet access. The gap climbs to 45% in some less developed regions such as sub-Saharan Africa, 35% in South Asia, the Middle East and North Africa and 30% in parts of Europe and Central Asia. Parity, conversely, is much higher in developed countries
Regarding barriers to equitable access in the world, the report identifies three variables:. Infrastructure costs and relevance. That is, people not connected because they live in a country with facilities permit, because the services are disproportionately expensive in relation to the means at their disposal or because they are not aware of what they can find on the Internet wages, either they do not know how to access or managing or how to incorporate the information that circulates there. Also strongly influences this sense, there are no texts or content available on the native languages (see box).
With regard to the first variable, the infrastructure, the report notes that there are no accurate estimates of the population covered by the signal range 2.5G / 2.75G.
The only publication on this is the United Nations specialized agency for information and communication technology, the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), which estimates that 91.7% of the world lives in a range of 2G (9.6 KBPS – 384 KBPS) signal, with 90.1% coverage in emerging countries and 99.1% in developed countries.
This study also indicates that 48.7% of the world lives in a range between 3G signal (384 KBPS – 10 MBPS), with 32% coverage in developing countries, and 91.5% in the first world.
With regard to costs, the report notes that, globally, monthly data plans with a limit of 250 MB are available for 50% of the population. If that threshold is reduced to 100 MB is reached 80% of the population and 20 MB climbs to 90 percent. But in some particular places, such as sub-Saharan Africa where 69% of the population lives on less than two dollars per day, only 53% of its residents can pay online with a limit of 20 MB, an amount that provides only one or two hours of searching the Web per month.
5 percent
A shuttle service is accessible if its cost is less than 5% of the average wage. One third of the population can pay 500 MB of mobile datas per month.
Those outside
In general, no consistent measurements by country on “relevance” of the Internet for people, but according to the report, many are not connected because they believe it is not important to their lives, either because they are unaware of what can be found on the Internet because no online content their native language or do not find a way to access or understand those contents. Explanations how are you repeat in all countries studied, the case of Ghana, South Africa, India or the US. For example, Wikipedia contains articles so far in 52 languages, which means that only 53% of the world has access to encyclopedic knowledge of that site in your native language. For Internet manages to be relevant to the 80% content is required in at least 92 languages.
marked slowdown
The report argues Internet.org that the adoption of Internet is slowly slowing in recent years. According to several studies, the rate of growth of connectivity fell for the fourth year until, in 2014, to be as low as 6.6 percent. This figure reveals a significant brake if compared to 14.7% in 2010, or even to 2012 when the growth of connectivity had reached 12.4% overall and 22.8% for countries emerging. At the current pace of this slowdown, without a policy of cooperation able to reverse this trend, the online population will reach 4000 million people by 2019.
Mobile Congress
Mark Zuckerberg Internet.org discuss the initiative to expand connectivity.
Ecuador and Argentina, examples
In terms of improving costs to facilitate access, the report highlights some good examples, including Argentina and Ecuador. “The plans of innovative payments were true catalysts for 1 billion people who recently joined Internet” says the study, adding that, specifically in Argentina, “there are plans to provide access for the cost of $ 5 per day, which makes it affordable for everyone. ” Also in Ecuador, stand, plans 20MB available for only $ 1.11 USD. Internet.org suggests that, for sites with poor access, the effort to reduce the digital divide must necessarily include other economic models. In some countries Internet.org is partnering with operators to make available via their applications, some basic access.
No comments:
Post a Comment