31 An international team of researchers has located groups oldest and most distant galaxies from Earth, formations born about 2,000 or 3,000 million years after Big Bang and which are the precursor of clusters of galaxies we see today.
The finding, published yesterday in the journal Astronomy & amp; Astrophysics serve to better understand the origin of the universe and what it contains.
A discovery that would not have been possible without the satellites of the European Space Agency (ESA), Planck and Herschel, two pointers instruments designed to map and analyze the cosmos from orbit located at 1.5 million kilometers Earth.
The research department of Physics at the University of Oviedo and study co-author Luigi Toffolatti, told Efe that through these two satellites found “groups of older galaxies precursors clusters of galaxies seen today. ”
Previously they had located farthest galaxies from Earth than these, but “this is the first concrete observation of proto-galaxies that are within groups” which, in turn, are the precursors of clusters of galaxies we see today, said astrophysicist.
Specifically, the images captured by Planck show groups of tens of galaxies that are still forming and are therefore relatively smaller than ours, and “more compact”.
Also, “having a high star formation” because they are watching at the time being created, a detail that would not have seen without Planck, because only this satellite has observed “all heaven “in the microwave.
And that the detectors of Planck and Herschel satellites were sensitive in the region of the electromagnetic spectrum far infrared and microwave, a strip where there are few specialized as these instruments.
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Today, in the absence of Planck and Herschel (both inactive and) the ALMA observatory in the Atacama Desert in Chile, is the most appropriate instrument to look in more detail some of these groups or protoclusters of galaxies.
The finding help you understand “how you ever get to create gravity over cosmic time” today’s galaxies and groups and clusters that are at present, although it will be years before astronomers are able to explain many things.
“We’re just at the beginning of this project, the most impressive results are still to come in the coming months,” said Professor Hervé Dole, director of the study and an astrophysicist at the University of Orsay (Paris).
Until now, thanks to the data provided by Planck, has confirmed the finding of 228 groups of primeval galaxies, but when all the information from the satellites of the ESA is analyzed, “will find more” according Toffolatti.
At the same time, the finding shows that it is important to have satellites capable to capture, classify and study the treasures of the cosmos: “We could say that Planck has discovered the treasure chest to find these compact groups of galaxies in the farthest and Herschel Universe has looked inside to find the bright gold coins hidden there, galaxies high star formation “described Toffolatti.
The astrophysicist is doubly pleased by the discovery because it confirms their predictions “made ten years ago”. EFE
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