An understanding of dark matter and its composition, and the recreation of a millionth of a second after the “Big Bang” are two of the physical feats of the European Centre for Particle Physics (CERN) hope to achieve now that the particle detector has started to work again.
“We are an immense emotion accelerator working again after two years in which there have been many works to enhance and increase the power of the collisions … and know that maybe we’ll find new things, “he says in an interview with the Spanish Efe physical María Chamizo.
Scientific is a respected researcher at CERN and was responsible for the CMS experiment of 2012-2013, when the detector was first spotted the Higgs boson, the last major discovery in the field of physics.
The CERN has put into operation by sector, known as Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is calculated will be fully operational in May, when the first proton collisions are expected in this second phase of three years of operation.
The LHC ring-a compound by magnets that act as batteries and has 27 kilometers of circumferential he stood for two years, where he was subjected to a thorough technical review and open every twenty meters, the connection between the magnets, to ensure maximum performance.
Chamizo think that in this new stage one of the most interesting discoveries that could be achieved is what it is made of dark matter.
“There is evidence, for astrophysics experiments, that the dark matter must exist, but what is made, do not know, “he said.
The matter we see represents only 5 percent of the universe, while 25 percent is dark matter and 70 percent dark energy.
Some models predict that dark matter could be composed of particles that do not interact via the electromagnetic forces, which are known.
No However, if you have mass should interact with the Higgs field, which is the way it is explained that the particles acquire mass
As a result, the deep study of the Higgs boson and its properties. – thanks to the high energy reach THROTTLE evidence could emerge that would comprise particles of dark matter, explains the researcher at the Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT) of Spain and the CMS experiment, one of the four are performed in the LHC.
However, other streams of physics say that dark matter could consist of supersymmetric particles, which are hypothetical and are associated with each know today.
Your search will be one of the priorities of this period of research that has just opened.
Chamizo notes that the increased energy of the LHC will produce more massive particles that today Scientists do not have access and that could answer the big question on the composition of the Universe.
Another detector with which experiments are performed on the accelerator is ALICE, which aims to recreate the equivalent of a millionth of second after the “Big Bang”.
Later this year, the experiment will have the opportunity to register collisions of lead ions in the LHC to understand the quark-gluon plasma, a kind “hot soup” in which both lived and thought existed at the origin of the universe.
It is expected that the high-energy collisions occur is understood and better characterize this “hot soup “.
” Increasing energy collisions (on the accelerator) means going back to that source, “said Chamizo.
A different challenge has the LHCb experiment that seeks understand why in the evolution of the Universe, when there were equal amounts of matter and antimatter, the first prevailed over the second.
“If I had the same amount of matter and antimatter all be annihilated and not exist. At some point an asymmetry or deviation causes matter evolves occurs, “explains physics.
The goal is to” study the properties of matter and antimatter to see what happened to all that there will be material, which can even lead to new physics to explain the evolution of the Universe, “concluded
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