Reuters, 14/03 17:13 CET
Geneva, Mar 14 ( EFE ) .- The understanding of dark matter and its composition, and the recreation of a millionth of a second after the “Big Bang” are two of the physical feats of the European Centre for Particle Physics ( CERN ) hope now making their particle detector has started to work again.
“We are an immense emotion accelerator working again after two years in which there have been many works to enhance and increase energy collisions … and know that maybe will find new things, “he says in an interview with the Spanish Efe physical María Chamizo.
Scientific is a respected researcher CERN and was responsible for the experiment CMS of 2012-2013, when the detector is first saw the Higgs boson, the last major discovery in the field of physics.
CERN has put into operation by sector, known as the Large Hadron Collider ( LHC ), which is estimated to be at full performance in May, when the first proton collisions are expected in this second phase of three years of operation.
LHC -a ring composed of magnets that act as batteries and has 27 kilometers of circumferential he stood for two years, where he was subjected to a thorough technical review and open every twenty meters, the connection between the magnets, to ensure maximum performance.
Chamizo think that in this new stage one of the most interesting discoveries that could be achieved is what it is made of dark matter.
“There is evidence, for astrophysics experiments, that the dark matter must exist, but what is made, do not know, “he said.
The matter we see represents only 5 percent of the universe, while 25 percent is dark matter and 70 percent dark energy.
Some models predict that dark matter could be composed of particles that do not interact via the electromagnetic forces, which are known.
However, if they have mass should interact with the Higgs field, which is the way it is explained that the particles acquire mass.
As a result, the deep study of the Higgs boson and its properties thanks the high energy reach THROTTLE evidence could emerge that would comprise particles of dark matter explains the researcher of the Center for Energy, Environment and Technology ( CIEMAT ) of Spain and experiment CMS , one of the four that are made in the LHC .
However, other streams of physics say that dark matter could consist of supersymmetric particles, which are hypothetical and are associated with each know today.
Your search will be one of the priorities of this period research that has just opened.
Chamizo notes that increased energy LHC will produce more massive particles to which scientists today have no access and could answer the big question on the composition of the Universe.
Another detector with which experiments are performed on the accelerator is ALICE , whose purpose is to recreate the equivalent of a millionth of a second after the “Big Bang”.
Later this year, the experiment will have the opportunity to register collisions of lead ions in the LHC in order to understand the quark-gluon plasma, a “hot soup” in which both lived and thought existed at the origin of the universe.
It is expected that high energy collisions occur is understood and characterize better the “hot soup”.
“Increasing energy collisions (on the accelerator) means going back to that source” said Chamizo.
A different challenge has the LHCb experiment that seeks to understand why in the evolution of the Universe, when there were equal amounts of matter and antimatter, the first prevailed over the second.
“If I had the same amount of matter and antimatter annihilate everything and would not exist. At some point an asymmetry or deviation causes matter evolves occurs, “explains physics.
The goal is to” study the properties of matter and antimatter to see what happened to all that there is material, which can even lead to new physics to explain the evolution of the Universe, “he said.
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