BBC: see the fascinating images of creatures “more … – Noticias24

Photo: The scientists collected samples of both of the surface and the deep ocean. / BBC

After a global issue of three years, an international team of researchers revealed the hidden world of the smallest ocean organisms .

Scientists found 35,000 species of bacteria, viruses and 5,000 new 150,000-celled plants, as reported five studies published in the journal Science.

It is believed that most of these species are . new to science

“We have the most complete description of plankton to date: what you need in terms of viruses, bacteria and protozoa. Finally we have a catalog of what exists globally today, “he told the BBC Chris Bowler, National Center for Scientific Research in Paris (CNRS, for its acronym in French)

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An unknown world

. The researchers also analyzed how plankton communities are organized / BBC

The bodies that make up the plankton are tiny, but together make up 90% of all marine life in the oceans.

Plankton includes viruses, bacteria and single-celled plants.

Forman the base of the food chain to fish and marine mammals feed, -through the photosynthesis and produce half of the oxygen we breathe.

Photo: Organisms how are you small jellyfish and fish were discovered during the expedition, which began in 2009. / BBC

However, until the Tara expedition (financed mostly by French fashion designer Agnes B), this little known hidden ocean system.

Scientists Tara aboard the 30,000 kilometers traveled by the world’s oceans. They took 35,000 samples of the upper layers of the ocean and regions up to 1,000 meters deep

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Virus new

: Part of the work was to record how these marine organisms beyond the predator prey relationship interact / BBC

So far, the scientists analyzed 579 samples

“As for viruses, we describe some 5,000 communities of which only 39 were known,” Bowler said.

“And the single-celled protists-organisms, we estimate that there are 150,000-organisms related taxa – different “

” There are about 11,000 species of plankton formally described, but we have evidence that there are at least ten times more than that photo “readability”

Photo: Part of the work was to record how these marine organisms interact beyond the predator prey relationship. / BBC

Of the 35,000 microbes found, most had been seen before. However, genetic analyzes revealed new genes.

“We have 40 million genes, and about 80% of them are new to science,” Bower said.
The researchers also analyzed how they are organized plankton communities.

. Many discovered organisms are completely new to science / BBC

“We put all (agencies) together to see who interacts with whom,” said the scientist.

“We have a large database and can ask ourselves: ‘? who always see who’ or ‘? who never see together”

“This allows us describe the symbiosis and interactions that occur beyond the relationship between predator and prey “

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Clusters of informació

Photo. This tiny crustacean was found in the South Pacific / BBC

One of the findings is that many of these organisms, particularly bacteria, are sensitive to temperature.

“It’s the temperature that determines what kind of communities of organisms found. If we look at our data and see what organisms are there, we can predict with 97% certainty the temperature of the water in which they live “.

” They are very sensitive to temperature, more than others, and with the change in temperature due to climate change, are likely to see changes in this community, “ p>

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. So far, we have analyzed 579 of the 35,000 samples taken during the expedition / BBC