The study by Japanese researchers and published in the journal Science suggests that humans and dogs evolved together over the centuries to live as they do today.
The key was mutual eye contact, which produces high levels of oxytocin, a hormone that builds trust and emotional connection.
Previous studies have shown that when mothers look into the eyes of their babies, oxytocin is produced and with it, runs a flow of love and intense feelings of protection.
It is due to the same mechanism that dogs evolved from wild wolves to become friends pets and humans, the researchers found.
“Dogs are more skilled than wolves and chimpanzees, which are respectively the closest relatives of dogs and humans, in their communicative social behavior with humans,” said the study led by Takefumi Kikusui, Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Azabu University in Japan.
The scientists studied the dogs and their owners and documented all interactions, including words, caresses and looks, for 30 minutes.
When then measured oxytocin levels of both, found that “the increase of eye contact between dogs and their owners led to increased oxytocin in the brains of the two species,” the study said.
The same experiment performed with wolves did not give the same result as in dogs. As they evolved from wolves hundreds of years, the study shows that dogs that were domesticated and adapted to the company of their friends because bipeds did that dominated the power of sight, which is a key element in the socialization human.
The researchers also sprayed oxytocin directly into the noses of dogs and put them in a room with their owners and other strangers. In this case, “female dogs responded by increasing the amount of time that sustained the look with their owners.” Could not figure out why I was not the same effect on male dogs.
But after 30 minutes, oxytocin levels had increased by the owners of the dogs that had been sprayed.
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