On Tuesday celebrated 25 years since the World Wide Web was open to the public. Created by Tim Berners-Lee while working at the CERN laboratory in Switzerland, this platform is a fundamental part of all that the Internet represents and allows today.
The web became the communication medium faster adoption and growth in the history of mankind: 50 million people used it in just the first four years of existence. In contrast, four decades took to the radio to reach this level of audience, while television took him a decade.
Almost a natural, ubiquitous and even vital presence, the web was born and raised to margin of human meanness, as its fundamental principle was to be universal, free and open: a platform that would not improve in favor of one or another, but evolve from the hand of all, and by all
Days. today mark as just that: a global dream that has given new possibilities to the human experience, but at the same time, also faces challenges and problems worldwide. The idea of transparency and collaboration is not the standard of all and the very open nature of the web is perhaps a danger to governments and structures in many places.
The same Berners-Lee, who has become a hard activist internet freedom, it has spent years campaigning to promote a kind of constitution of the web a constitution that protects the intervention of powers, whatever they are.
“we can not have open government, a good democracy, a system of competent health, cultural diversity, connectivity between cultures, unless we have an open internet and neutral in which we can trust without having to worry about what happens in the darkness of this. It is naive to think that we can have it, but it is believe that we can sit down and do it. It is possible that people think that the web is something that is insured and to them withdrawn without noticing, “said the scientist at conferences and interviews.
What Berners-Lee warns is that citizen apathy (one of the most common currencies of our time) is the perfect way for governments and large industries (telecom operators, content industries) exercise such control over the network that is terminated by split: pass have a global tool for small local networks at the country level, in the interest of safety and a number of noble intentions end up being easier to monitor tools.
This movement is known as balkanization Internet and it is not such a remote possibility in the world after the revelations of Edward Snowden, who exposed systems global surveillance, response, have generated national proposals to isolate sections of the web to protect espionage on this scale.
Certainly one of the greatest dangers to the web today are the pressures that state intelligence agencies (such as the NSA, US) have on their infrastructure by penetrating communication protocols that allow it to work.
the contrast between the work of these agencies and the network is, for many experts, a global battle between the powers of the State and freedom of expression and access to information. So Berners-Lee and other researchers have organized initiatives like Webat25.org, a site that presents news and action plans on how to maintain the opening of the network.
In addition to the issues security, another problem that threatens the open structure of the network is the control you can exert creative content industries through global platforms copyright. To Katitza Rodriguez, director of digital rights of the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), it is important to “protect innovation on the Internet. Innovators have to be protected from established companies that use copyright standards to limit creativity and annihilate the competition. States must make sure not to repeat the mistakes made in the United States with its standard copyright, which is being exported to the world through free trade agreements. “
Now, despite be threatened in certain aspects, the network has managed to take significant steps towards their independent management. In a few months you should know the outcome of the process that definitely separate technical control of the internet of the US government.
While internet largely is managed independently, the organization that manages technically the network was an institution supervised to some sense by a branch of the Department of Commerce of the country, which held a contract to ensure its own operation.
a few months ago, this organization, known as Icann , handed to the Department of Commerce’s formal proposal to separate the government Internet one of the most influential governments on the planet.
the proposal includes two major issues. The first has to do with managing the database with which Internet domains are assigned, as well as other tasks including the drafting of protocols that allow operation. The second is related to the strengthening of Icann, making it more transparent and accountable, because nothing is to independence without ensuring good management.
It is expected that the entire process is completed as soon as possible (the term is September) in order to wean the whole issue of the outcome of the presidential elections in the United States.
While the first web page was created on August 6, 1991, it was only visible for researchers within the CERN . On August 23 of that year new users outside the research center at the invitation of its creators, could consult. Just under two years later, CERN released the code for the web, allowing the free global access to begin developing the greatest communication tool of mankind.
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