http://spanish.china.org.cn/science/txt/2015-12/18/content_37343807.htm
The world-renowned journal Nature today published its annual list of the ten most outstanding in the field of science in 2015 people, which included a Chinese scientist whose work on human embryonic genetic has led to repeated debates in academic circles.
“The list of this year, compiled after many discussions of journalists and editors of Nature, spans the globe and highlights individuals who played important roles in business ranging from climate change to research genetic editing and playback, “said Helen Pearson, editor in chief of Nature.
The explosion of interest generated by publication of CRISPR-Cas9 genes has been a major story this year and for this reason, biologist Junjiu Huang, University of Sun Yat-Sen in Guangzhou, won a place in the list.
In April, Huang published the first report on human embryos with genes edited, sparking a worldwide debate about the ethics of this research.
In their study, Huang and his team took embryos from fertility clinics that did not work for fertilization and modified the gene responsible for a type of blood disorder in embryos. To accomplish the task, they adopted a powerful technique known as CRISPR-Cas9 that can be programmed to alter accurately DNA at specific sequences.
Huang told Nature in April it wanted to edit the genes of embryos because they “can show genetic problems related to cancer or diabetes and can be used to study the function of genes in embryonic development.”
The chemical engineer born in China, Zhenan Bao, is also included on the list. The scientist at Stanford University in California created an artificial skin sensors using carbon nanotube in a multidisciplinary laboratory focused on integrating electronics in the human body.
Another woman on the list is Christiana Figueres, secretary executive of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC, for its acronym in English). Figueres was considered for his role in the Paris negotiations on climate and has dedicated more than five years to gather support and bring the nations in an effort to produce a meaningful agreement.
Ali Akbar Salehi, engineer nuclear and head of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, is also listed. Salehi helped develop a historic agreement with world powers related to nuclear activities in the country.
The publishers also decided to include Alan Stern, who led the New Horizons mission of NASA, which successfully passed near Pluto in July, one of the biggest events in planetary science in years.
In addition to Huang, two scientists involved in research related to genetics were included in the list.
Christina Smolke stood by a controversial feat of synthetic biology: sew a path of 23 different genes of plants, mammals, bacteria and yeast to produce a variety of yeast capable of producing the powerful drug that eliminates pain
<. p> For his part, David Reich and performed sequencing genomes analyzed to reveal ancient human history.
In the list Russian physicist Mikhail Eremets doctor, whose decades of perseverance physics also appears high pressure finally gave results to discover the high-temperature superconductivity in the system of hydrogen sulfide, a tremendously exciting event in the field.
Brian Nosek earned a place on the list for leading the campaign to understand issues scientific reproduction, culminating this year with a high-profile attempt to replicate the findings in 100 psychology studies.
The solar physicist Joan Schmelz was listed for their efforts behind the scenes to encourage women astronomers talk about their experiences of harassment, which helped bring out a bitter problem.
“The list of Nature reveals how science and scientists continue to play crucial roles in addressing global challenges “said Pearson editor. F
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